Applications of Alkaline Earth Metals Homework Help, Tutoring
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Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium Assignment Help, Tutor Help
Applications of Alkaline Earth Metals:
Alkaline earth metals include Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium and Barium. Each of
these elements has a variety of applications. Let us discuss some of the most common applications
of alkaline earth metals.
Beryllium:
- Beryllium and its salts are mainly used as a source of neutrons in nuclear reactors.
Be + He --→ C+ n. - The high permeability of beryllium towards x-rays is used in making windows for x-ray tubes.
- It forms a great number of alloys with Cu, Mg, Al and Pt.
- Due to its high melting point beryllium oxide is used as a refractory material.
- Mixture of magnesium powder and potassium chlorate are used in flash bulbs for photography.
- Magnesium ribbon is used for igniting thermite in alumino-thermic process.
- It is also used as a deoxidizer in metallurgical process for removing residues of oxygen from copper and steel.
- It is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of boron, silicon and uranium.
- It is used for preparing Grignard reagent which is widely used in the synthesis of a variety of organic compounds.
- It forms alloys with aluminum and zinc which are light, strong and durable. Hence, they are used in automobile industry, making aircrafts, optical instruments and in the making of balance beams. Two important alloys of magnesium that are widely used are electron which contains 95% of magnesium and 5% of zinc and magnalium which has 1-15% of magnesium and 85-99% of aluminum.
- Magnesium in the form of magnesia (MgO) and magnesium hydroxide are greatly used as antacids.
- Due to its high melting point Magnesium oxide is used as a refractory lining in electric furnaces.
- A mixture of magnesia and magnesium chloride sets into a firm hard mass similar to cement and is termed as Sorel's cement or magnesia cement. It is mainly used in plaster casting, repairing porcelain ware and in filling teeth and also as a substitute for tiles.
- Magnesium sulphate is used as a purgative in medicine and in making fire-proof fabrics.
- Calcium also has wide range of applications similar to magnesium. It acts as a powerful reducing agent in the preparation of Be, Cr and Th.
- It is used for removing traces of water from alcohol as it does not react with alcohol. This property of non-reactivity with alcohol makes it a better choice compared to sodium in removal of water from alcohol.
- It is used as a deoxidizer for copper, cast iron and steel. It is also used as a desulphurizer in petroleum refining.
- Calcium oxide is used in the manufacture of bleaching powder, slaked lime, lime colors, calcium carbide and mortar. It is also used as a basic lining in furnaces.
- Calcium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of bleaching powder, caustic soda and soda-lime. It is also used for white washing buildings and for softening of water.
- Calcium carbonate is used in the manufacture of cement. It is also used for building purposes, in the laboratory for the production of carbondioxide, in tooth pastes and as a medicine for indigestion.
- Calcium chloride is used as a dehydrating agent.
- Calcium sulphate is used in the making of plaster of paris, ammonia and also used to fertilize the soil affected by sea water due to floods.
- These are mainly used as deoxidizers in the making of steel.
- Barium is used to remove traces of air present in vacuum tubes.
- Barium sulphate is used in the preparation of lithopone an important white pigment.
- Strontium salts are used in medicated tooth pastes and also as a medicine for gum diseases. Lastly, radium salts are used in cancer treatment.
Solved problems
- Salts of which element are used as source of neutrons in nuclear reactors?
- Boron
- Strontium
- Beryllium
- Magnesium
- Electron contains
- 85% of magnesium and 15% of zinc
- 95% of magnesium and 5% of zinc
- 95% of copper and 5% of zinc
- 95% of aluminum and 5% of zinc.
- Bleaching powder is made of
- Calcium hydroxide
- Calcium chloride
- Aluminum hydroxide
- Calcium oxide
- Salts of which element are used in the cancer treatment
- Radium
- Strontium
- Barium
- Fluorine
- Plaster of Paris is prepared from
- Calcium sulphate
- Calcium carbonate
- Calcium hydroxide
- Magnesium sulphate
- Which of the following element is used as a desulphurizer in petroleum refining
- Calcium
- Barium
- Boron
- Magnesium
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